The Socotra Archipelago forms part of the Republic of Yemen, and is located in the northwestern Indian Ocean, some 350km south of the Arabian peninsula. The archipelago consists of the main island of Socotra (3625 km2), three smaller islands, Abd Al Kuri, Samha and Darsa and some small rock outcrops. The long geological isolation of the island from neighboring Arabia and Africa, has resulted in very high levels of endemism, which make the archipelago a site of global importance for biodiversity conservation. People and Culture Sources of livelihood and the role of local people in nature conservation.